1. Fault izici kanye nokugcinwa capacitance lokulawula zezimboni wesifunda ibhodi
Ukuhluleka umonakalo capacitance yilona eliphezulu ukuwedlula wonke e-elekhthroniki, ikakhulukazi endabeni capacitance electrolytic.
Ukuhluleka capacitance kuboniswa kanje: 1.The umthamo incane; 2. ukulahlekelwa Inani umthamo; 3. Ukuvuza; 4. A short circuit.
Capacitors ukudlala indima ezahlukene kulesi sifunda, futhi ukwehluleka nazo characterized.In le zezimboni ukulawula ephrintiwe wesifunda ibhodi, I-digital wesifunda ibhodi Kwabaningi, capacitor isetshenziswa ukwenza isihlungi amandla, lo coupling isignali kanye capacitance kwe-circuit oscillator kukhona less.If le capacitor electrolytic asetshenziswe ukushintsha ukuphakelwa kukagesi lilimele, amandla supply usuke may ngeke isixwayisi, futhi akukho voltage output.Or okukhipha voltage zokuhlunga engeyinhle, circuit ngenxa yamandla aphindeke kabili ye ukuntengantenga futhi ukudideka okunengqondo, ukusebenza umshini kwezikhathi zomsebenzi noma ayikwazi ukuvula umshini, uma capacitor kanye wesifunda digital ibhodi ugesi phakathi emihle nemibi, ukusebenza kohlelo above.This sinamandla ikakhulukazi eduze umbadlana computer, abaningi sokusebenzisa i-computer ibonakala ngezinye izikhathi ayikwazi ukuvula umshini iminyaka eminingi, lo mkhuba ngezinye izikhathi sivuleka, vula icala, ngokuvamile aba electrolytic capacitor beat mkhuba kungabonwa, uma capacitor phansi kukala umtsamo ukuthola lingaphansi kakhulu kunenani langempela.
Impilo ka-capacitor ngokuqondile okuhlobene lokushisa kuma. Ayanda lokushisa kwemvelo, omfushane le life.This capacitor abuse hhayi kuphela kusebenza capacitors electrolytic kodwa futhi kwezinye capacitors.Therefore, search for capacitance ukwehluleka, kubalulekile ukuhlola capacitance okuyinto kolwesiNgisi ukushisa umthombo, ezifana capacitance ngaseceleni kurediyetha namandla okusezingeni eliphezulu izingxenye ababebuthene. I eduze ke, kulapho kungenzeka ukuba damaged.Have lwakhiwe i-X-ray icala umtshina ugesi, abasebenzisi libonise intuthu yaphuma kwamandla, vula icala ngemva kokufika a 1000 UF / 350 v capacitor enkulu has izinto oily phandle, likhiphe evulekile wehlele namandla ezimbalwa kuphela amashumi UF, futhi wathola ukuthi kuphela capacitance kwaleli bhuloho rectifier nokushisa ukucwila eliseduze, nezinye kude kuyinto beqinile, umthamo kwalokho normal.In, kukhona nesifunda esincane capacitance of China chip, futhi uthola ukuthi capacitor iseduze Ukushisa parts.Therefore, kufanele ugxile uma usesha sesondlo.
Ezinye ukuvuza capacitive kuyingozi kakhulu, ngomunwe touch ungakwazi ngisho kushisa, lolu hlobo capacitor kumele kushintshe.
Endabeni iloli okuhle nokubi, iphutha ezivamile ukwehluleka capacitance damage.So at kwehluleka, capacitance kungaba ukhiye ukuhlola, ngemuva kokushintshwa capacitance ngokuvamile isimanga (Yebo kufanele sinake ikhwalithi ka capacitance, khetha brand kangcono, ezifana irubi, abamnyama nokunye okunjalo).
2. Izimpawu kanye nokubandlululwa umonakalo ukumelana
Resistors izingxenye eziningi kakhulu zikagesi, kodwa hhayi umonakalo components.Resistance lilimele kakhulu yindlela ezivamile ukuvula komgwaqo, kanye ukumelana akuvamile kanye ukumelana rare.Common kakhulu carbon ifilimu ukumelana, ifilimu metal Ukumelana, wire isilonda ukumelana naso futhi kwenze umshwalense resistance.The kabanzi kunazo ngaphambi ezimbili izinhlobo ukumelana naso, lo isici umonakalo salo ukumelana ongaphakeme (ngezansi 100 Ω) futhi lenani eliphakeme (angaphezu kuka-100 k Ω) umonakalo izinga lingaphezulu, ukumelana Lesisemkhatsini (ezifana emakhulwini ambalwa laya kwabangaphezu amashumi ezinkulungwane European) umonakalo omncane; Eyesibili ukuthi ukumelana ukumelana ongaphakeme livame ushiswe kanye black, futhi kulula ukuthola ukuthi kukhona izinto ezimbalwa izimpawu lapho ukumelana ukumelana kuyinto damaged.Wire isilonda ukumelana ngokuvamile lisetshenziswa njengedivaysi ezinkulu zamanje umkhawulo ukugeleza, kanye ukumelana akuyona large.Some we izintambo cylindrical kungenziwa amnyama noma ngaphezulu blasting uqhekeke noma akazange enqabe marks.Cement uhlobo wire wou d bilan ukumelana, okuyinto zingase zephule lapho wokushiswa, kungenjalo akukho ebonakalayo trace.When ukumelana umshwalense burns, abanye evele ngeke kuqhunyiswa ucezu isikhumba, ezinye zazo has noluncane, kodwa ngeke blackened.According okungenhla izici, uma uhlola ekumelaneni kungenziwa igxile, ngokushesha ukukhomba ukumelana lilimele.
Ngokwe-izici engenhla, singakwazi lokuqala ukubheka ongaphakeme ukumelana amanani wanoma iziphi izimpawu amnyama ku wesifunda amabhodi ephrintiwe , bese ngokuvumelana ukulimala iningi ukubaluleka evulekile noma ube emikhulu futhi kulula ilimaze izici ephezulu amagugu ukumelana, singasebenzisa multimeter ivolumu ngqo resistances eliphezulu kakhulu kule amabhodi PCB wesifunda ngaleso both qeda of ukumelana ukumelana, uma inani ukumelana mkhulu kunezinhliziyo kwenani eliyimali, iyona ukumelana kumele ezilimele (banake , njenge-ukumelana esitebeleni yabonisa kuphela ngemva eziphethweni, ngoba kungenzeka shunt capacitance e izingxenye wesifunda, kukhona icala kanye nenqubo osenyameni), uma inani ukumelana lincane kwenani eliyimali, ujwayele akudingeki ukuba ushaye sengathi awuboni. Yileyo indlela ukukala yonke Resistor phezu ephrintiwe wesifunda ibhodi PCB, ngisho noma "okungesona 'nezinsuku eziyinkulungwane namakhulu, ngeke akuvumele eyodwa.
kokuhlaziywa 3.the indlela amplifier tekusebenta
amplifier okusebenza kwe discriminant isikhathi eside impela yesondlo ambalwa ngogesi has nobunzima obuthile, hhayi kuphela degree of ubudlelwano kwamasiko, esethemba kuyokusiza ukuba uxoxe ngalokhu nawe.
I enhle amplifier tekusebenta sinezici "iDemo virtual" futhi "ikhefu virtual". Lezi zimo zokuma ezimbili ziwusizo kakhulu ehlaziya wesifunda ukuthuthwa komugqa application.In ukuze kuqinisekiswe isicelo yomugqa, ezokuthutha kumele basebenze ngaphansi iluphu avaliwe (impendulo engeyinhle) .Uma kungekho impendulo engeyinhle, evulekile iluphu okhulisa kuyinto comparator.If le kudivayisi liyokwahlulelwa, kufanele ngabe sekucacile ukuthi idivayisi isetshenziswa njengenhlangano amplifier noma njengendlela comparator kulesi sifunda.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo amplifier, kukhona Resistor impendulo RF ke lapho silungisa Ungahlola ukumelana impendulo emgwaqweni osuka ugesi, usebenzisa multimeter ukuhlola okukhipha futhi ukuhlanekezela okokufaka, ukumelana phakathi uma ezinkulu, njengemiphumela kuka ambalwa M Ω ke singaqiniseka idivayisi cishe esengeziwe, uma inani 0 Ω inqwaba ezincane k Ω, kuyinto ukuhlola ukuthi ukumelana phakathi okukhipha futhi ukuhlanekezela okokufaka, amplifier asebentisa emagama uzokwenza.
Ngokusho isimiso amplifier virtual dlala iDemo, okungukuthi, uma amplifier tekusebenta ayisebenzi kahle, okokufaka efanayo futhi ukuhlanekezela voltage uvo kuzolingana, ngisho noma kukhona ukungaboni ngaso linye futhi ezingeni mv, yebo, kwamanye okokufaka okusezingeni eliphezulu impedance wesifunda multimeters ukumelana abazoba nethonya kancane ku voltage ukuhlolwa, kodwa ngokuvamile bengekho ngaphezu kwama-0.2 V, uma umehluko ezingaphezu kuka 0.5 V, amplifier akungabazeki ukuthi kubi!
Uma idivayisi isetshenziswa njengophawu comparer, kuvumela okufanayo ukuba bahluke esibulalayo input bese esibulalayo okokufaka reverse. Voltage we voltage esifanayo obuhlukile>, futhi lo voltage okukhiphayo iseduze seqiwe we positive.The voltage esifanayo voltage reverse, futhi lo voltage okukhiphayo iseduze 0V noma esiphezulu ezimbi (kuye ngokuthi amandla ezimbili noma amandla eyodwa) .Uma voltage ukuthola alihlangani lo mthetho-ke idivayisi uzobe ezilimele! Ngakho ungenawo ukusebenzisa indlela esikhundleni, ungenalo ubhidlize chip phezu ephrintiwe wesifunda ibhodiekwahluleleni ukusebenza amplifier.
4. Iqhinga encane ukuhlola izakhi SMT endaweni multimeter
Ezinye isici patch lincane kakhulu, usebenzisa abavamile multimeter izibaya futhi ukuhlolwa yesondlo elula kakhulu, engabangela short circuit, eyesibili i camera nge ukwahlukanisa enamathela pin ibhodi ngokuphazamisa mbeni ingxenye metal izingxenye. Nansi indlela elula ukukunika okuningi lula.
Thatha izingcezu ezimbili inani okungenani izinaliti, zezimboni yesondlo ubuchwepheshe (ukujula) nge multimeter ku Friend, bese ukuthatha zethusi wire emihle ngaphezulu ikhebula, nge esihle zethusi wire izibaya kanye izinaliti, wabopha ndawonye, reoccupy solder weld.With ezifana izibaya ezincane ithiphu futhi ukukala SMT ukuhlangana izingxenye lapho kungekho iDemo wesifunda ibhodi, futhi obungaveza kwabathinta ukwahlukanisa enamathela, ukuthatha isikhundla key, akudingeki ukuba uhlupho zizifunele ulwelwesi ulwelwesi.
5. Ukulungisa indlela wesifunda ibhodi amandla omphakathi okufutshane
Wanyathelisa wesifunda ibhodi yesondlo, uma ubhekana isekhethi iphutha amandla omphakathi supply ngokuvamile ngowokuqala omkhulu, ngoba kumadivayisi amaningi babelana okufanayo ugesi, ngamunye divayisi usuke ugesi, kukhona izinsolo short circuit, uma ipuleti isici akukona amukela indlela "hoe umhlaba" ngeke isekhethi iphuzu zingatholakala, uma eziningi kakhulu izingxenye SMT, ungase "hoe umhlaba" hoe ukuze isimo kuzoncika luck.In lesi siphakamiso ngempumelelo ngaphezulu indlela, ukusebenzisa le ndlela, kabili kulo msebenzi, okwakuye kusheshe ukuthola iphuzu lokuthi uyisehluleki.
Ukuze abe voltage zamanje zonke adjustable ugesi, voltage 0-30v, 0-3a zamanje, lokhu kwamandla akuyona ezibizayo, 300RMB noma so.Will evulekile wesifunda voltage kudivayisi ugesi voltage ezingeni, zamanje ukuba okungenani lokuqala, engeza voltage phezu kwengungu amandla supply voltage 5 v amaphuzu ezifana uchungechunge 74 chips, futhi 0 v uhlangothi, kuye ngezinga of short circuit, ukwanda zamanje kancane, ngedivayisi isandla touch, lapho touch kudivayisi Ukushisa ezithile ngokusobala, lokhu ngokuvamile ezilimele izingxenye SMD, kungaba zisuswe ukuze kuqhutshekwe ukuqinisekisa Yiqiniso measurement.Of, voltage akumele leqe voltage zokusebenza zedivayisi, futhi ayikwazi exhunywe kwi-counter, kungenjalo uzovutha namanye amadivayisi ezinhle.
6.a irabha encane, ukuxazulula inkinga enkulu
Okuningi futhi ukusetshenziswa ngaphezulu zezimboni ukulawula ephrintiwe wesifunda amabhodi PCB , izindlela eziningi ibhodi ngegolide umunwe ufakwa slot. Ngenxa imvelo ezimbi zezimboni, uthuli, umswakama, insimbi igesi imvelo ukhiqiza ukwehluleka abampofu contact Kulula ukwenza ikhadi, a lot of abangane kungase kube yindlela ukuxazulula inkinga ngokushintsha ikhadi esibonakalayo, kodwa izindleko ukuthenga ikhadi sikhulu kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ezinye imishini amazwe we card.In Eqinisweni, ungase usebenzise kanye irabha ukusula izikhathi ezimbalwa phezu umunwe igolide, kuhlanzwe enenhlabathi umunwe igolide, bese uyazama futhi, mhlawumbe ukuxazulula inkinga! indlela elula futhi esebenzayo.
7.The ukuhlaziya kubi amaphutha kagesi ezikhathini ezinhle
Zonke izinhlobo izikhathi ezinhle nokuhluleka ezimbi kagesi kungafaka phakathi kwalezi zimo:
1. contact Kubi
contact obubi slot, ukwa sangaphakathi ikhebula, contact ezimbi wire ipulaki and esibulalayo, futhi Welding olubonakalayo izingxenye, njll
2. Isignali wakhungatheka
Ukuze izifunda digital, esimweni kwemibandela ethile, iphutha elikhona, kwangathi ngempela kakhulu ukuphazamiseka ezithinta uhlelo lokulawula kukwenza kungafaneleki, futhi abe wesifunda ibhodi ingxenye nomai ngabanye jikelele nemingcele ukusebenza zishintsha, anti-ukuphazamiseka ikhono ubheke iphuzu isimo, ngaleyo ndlela ukuhluleka;
3. ukuzinza ezishisayo of izingxenye akukuhle
Kusukela inqwaba imikhuba yesondlo, ukuzinza ezishisayo we capacitor lokuqala electrolytic engeyinhle, eyalandelwa ezinye capacitors, triode, diodes, IC, ukumelana, njll
4. Kukhona umswakama nothuli ebhodini wesifunda
umswakama nothuli uyosingatha ugesi, kanye ukumelana umphumela, kodwa futhi inqubo ukushisa bilges abandayo oluhlehlela ukumelana nakho kuzoshintsha, umphumela ukumelana kanye nezinye izakhi kukhona parallel, umphumela unamandla uma ungakwazi ukushintsha imingcele wesifunda, wenze ukwehluleka;
5.Software nakho kuyisici esibangela
nemingcele abaningi elisetshenziswa wesifunda ukuze ulungise i-software, nesabelo ezinye nemingcele phezu liphansi kakhulu, ku uhla ezibucayi, lapho ukusebenza umshini athobele isofthiwe iphutha isizathu ke alamu izovela.
8. Indlela ngokushesha ukuthola ulwazi izingxenye?
Electronics yanamuhla multifarious, ububanzi ngokuya ebanzi izingxenye, izinkulungwane, besifunda PCB yesondlo, zezimboni ikakhulukazi ephrintiwe wesifunda ibhodi yesondlo izindawo, abaningi yezingxenye is akubone, noma ngisho ngizwe, ngisho noma ezinye izingxenye ulwazi ephelele, ibhodi esandleni kodwa kuzofunda idatha ukuhlaziywa computer, uma kungekhona usesho indlela esheshayo, nekusebenta yesondlo uya ukuthengisa at isaphulelo kakhulu, zezimboni ukulungisa ensimini electronic, ukusebenza kahle imali, ngakho-ke khetha PCB ezinhle noma PCB LoMhlangano umphakeli kubaluleke kakhulu, ungathanda ukuncoma King-PCB.com ngawe.