Everyone knows doing the principle diagram of the PCB is designed into a real piece of PCB, please don’t look down upon this process, there are a lot of things on the principle of practicable in engineering has difficult to achieve, or something that someone can achieve them,but others can not, so it is not difficult to make a PCB, but make a good PCB prototype is not an easy thing.
Nobunzima ezimbini ezinkulu kwinkalo microelectronics ke umqondiso rhoqo nokulungiswa uphawu buthathaka, imveliso PCB inqanaba kubaluleke ngokukodwa ngokuphathelele oku, uyilo Umgaqo, amacandelo efanayo, abantu ezahlukeneyo wenza PCB kuya kuba iziphumo ezahlukeneyo, ngoko indlela yokwenza ? ibhodi PCB elungileyo Ngokusekelwe kumava yethu edlulileyo, singathanda ukuxoxa iimbono zethu kule miba ilandelayo:
1. Chaza iinjongo zakho
Kufumaneke umsebenzi uyilo, kufuneka kuqala ukucima iinjongo uyilo, i ibhodi PCB Eliqhelekileyo , oluvela rhoqo PCB , PCB encinane ukwenza uphawu okanye kukho zombini rhoqo nokulungiswa uphawu encinane PCB, ukuba kukho PCB eqhelekileyo , nje njengoko wenze layout efanelekileyo kwaye kucocekile, ubungakanani ngoomatshini echanileyo, ukuba umgca umthwalo kunye nomgca elide, ziya kusingathwa yi njengendlela ethile, yenze lula umthwalo, ukomeleza kumgca elide drive, isitshixo kukuthintela ebonakalisa elide kaThixo emgceni. xa kukho ngaphezu imigca uphawu 40MHz ebhodini, ingqalelo ekhethekileyo zenziwa kwezi migca umqondiso, ezifana crosstalk.If frequency iphezulu, kufuneka imiqathango engakumbi ubude iintambo, ngokutsho parameters nokwabiwa kwethiyori womnatha, i intsebenziswano phakathi wesekethe isantya esiphezulu kunye nokunamathelana kwayo izigqibo into, inkqubo ayikwazi linanzwe design.With ukuphuculwa isantya transmission emnyango, kumgca nxamnye aya kunyuka, lo crosstalk phakathi kwemigca uphawu nobakhe iya kuba ngokomlinganiselo ngokwanda, ngokuqhelekileyo power-high speed kunye nobushushu ukusasaza wesekethe lukhulu kakhulu, kufuneka kubangela ingqalelo ngokwaneleyo xa besenza High Tg PCB.
Xa ebhodi inqanaba millivolt nokuba kwinqanaba microvolt xa isignali obuthathaka, uphawu kuya kufuneka inkathalelo eyodwa, isiginali ezincinane buthathaka kakhulu, sesichengeni kakhulu kwezinye ukuphazamiseka olomeleleyo umqondiso, uvikele amanyathelo idla kuyimfuneko, kungenjalo kuya kunciphisa kakhulu uphawu-to-ingxolo imiqondiso ratio.So inoncedo batshoniswe ngaphandle yingxolo kwaye ayikwazi idayi ngokufezekileyo.
Ababekhwele kweso mmiselo kufuneka zithathelwe ingqalelo ngexesha lesigaba sokuyila, indawo ebonakalayo amanqaku test, uvavanyo ingongoma imiba bodwa azinakho ukutyeshelwa, kuba abanye uphawu ezincinane uphawu rhoqo uphakamileyo ningongezi ngqo probe yokulinganisa.
Ukongeza, kukho ezinye izinto ezinxulumene noku, ezifana umaleko iibhodi, ukumila iphakheji izakhi kunye namandla ngomatshini le boards.Before ukwenza iibhodi PCB, kufuneka ube nenjongo yoyilo engqondweni.
2. Qonda iimfuno umsebenzi ngala macandelo asetyenziswe layout
Njengoko sisazi, kukho ezinye amacandelo ekhethekileyo ubeko na iimfuno ezizodwa, ezifana Loti kunye APH wasebenzisa msindo uphawu analog, analog uphawu msindo ngenxa imfuneko amandla egudileyo, Ukulinganisa ripple.The encinane iinxalenye uphawu amancinci kufuneka igcinwe kude amandla devices.On kwebhodi OTI, uphawu yokukhulisa inxalenye encinane ikwayilelwe ngokukodwa kunye isigqumathelo uvikele kukhusela chips uqhuzu kagesi interference.GLINK ezisetyenziswa ibhodi NTOI yinkqubo ECL, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla fever enkulu, ukuba ingxaki melelo wokuzibhubhisa ubushushu kufuneka ziqhutywe xa ubeko kufuneka ingqalelo ekhethekileyo, ukuba pholisa bendalo, iya kubeka i GLINK chip flow umoya egudileyo, obuphuma ubushushu ayikho negalelo elikhulu kwamanye chips.If kukho uphondo okanye enye amandla aphezulu device ebhodini, inokuba kwakhona kubangele ungcoliseko ozimiseleyo amandla kufuneka kwakhona sinikele ingqalelo ngokwaneleyo.
3. Ukufunda candelo yezitshixo
Ubeko amacandelo zokuqala enye into yokuqatshelwa nokusebenza esihlobene uxhulumaniso lwe amacandelo kunye kangangoko oku kunokwenzeka, ingakumbi ngenxa zesantya umgca phezulu, ukuma kukwenza ube mfutshane kangangoko ukwahlula uphawu amandla amancinci uphawu device.In le ndawo yokuhlangana kwintsebenzo wesekethe, kuyimfuneko ukuba siqwalasele uhlobo acwangciswe ngalo amalungu ukuze, ezintle, elula ukuvavanya, ubukhulu mechanical weBhodi, ukuma kwezisekelo, njl
Ixesha transmission ukulibala isiseko kunye Uqhakamshelwano kwinkqubo-high speed nayo into yokuqala ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe xa eyila i system.Signal kwixesha zothumelo ukuba nempembelelo enkulu kwisantya nkqubo iyonke, ingakumbi ngenxa-high speed ECL kwiisekethe, nangona ngesantya esiphezulu integrated block yesekethe ngokwalo, kodwa ngenxa emgangathweni kunye uqhagamshelwano eziqhelekileyo (zonke-30 cm ubude, malunga nokubambezeleka ekhayen 2) wazise nongeniselo ukulibaziseka kwexesha, ungenza isantya inkqubo liyehla. Kanye irejista shift, sokubala yolunye le ungqamaniso iindawo abasebenza kwi zalo khadi, ilungileyo kuba ixesha ezahlukeneyo ukudluliselwa nokubambezeleka uphawu ikloko ebhodini akalingani, enokukhokelela iimpazamo shift kwirejista imveliso, xa engekho nepleyiti, apho ungqamaniso na iqhosha, ukususela kumthombo iwotshi kawonke udityaniswe kwintambo iwotshi kufuneka ilingane nobude ebhodini.
4. Ukuqwalaselwa ingcingo
Ekuyilweni OTNI inkwenkwezi network ifayibha enombala, ngaphezu 100MHz lomgca uphawu ngesantya esiphezulu kuya kufuneka ukuba lwenziwe ngendlela kwixesha elizayo. Ezinye nezimaphambili ezingundoqo ngesantya line high iza kuqaliswa apha.
line transmission
Nayiphi "elide" indlela ebonisa kwi eshicilelweyo ibhodi yesekethekungathathwa a ukosuleleka line.If ukudluliselwa ukulibaziseka selayini imfutshane kakhulu kwexesha uphawu Vuka, ku vangama ka umnini ngexesha uphawu ukunyuka iya kuba submerged.No isavela overshoot, bahlehla kunye ekhalayo, kuba mzuzu, inkoliso wesekethe MOS, ngenxa yokuba ixesha ngokuvela yokosulela umgca ukulibaziseka kwexesha elikhulu kakhulu, ngoko ke kuba ubuziimitha yaye akukho distortion.And uphawu ngenxa iisekethe logic ngokukhawuleza, ingakumbi ultra-high speed ECL.
Kwimeko iziphaluka ehlangeneyo, nobude imizila kufuneka kakhulu mfutshane ukuze agcine ingqibelelo i SIGILL uphawu enxa ngezantya elunxwemeni ngokukhawuleza.
Kukho iindlela ezimbini zokwenza le ngesantya esiphezulu kumsebenzi umgca elide kakhulu ngaphandle ubugqwetha esinzulu, isetyenziselwa ukwehla ngokukhawuleza kumngcipheko TTL schottky diode nokubotshwa indlela, yenza angxamele kuba kubanjwa diode lingaphantsi emhlabeni xi drop enokwenzeka kwinqanaba ukunciphisa bahlehla kwi ngasemva awo, icotha ngohlangothi ekuphumeni overshoot akuvumelekanga, kodwa inqanaba "H" kwimo eliphezulu imveliso ukuvimba kumphathi wesekethe (50 ~ 80 Ω) eziphango .Ngaphezu koko, ngenxa kwinqanaba "H" sifo karhulumente, ingxaki enkulu bahlehla ayikho obalaseleyo kakhulu, isixhobo lwe HCT series, ukuba usebenzisa schottky diode nokubotshwa kunye kwicala ukumelana series uqhagamshele indlela, isiphumo iza kuba sobala ngakumbi.
Xa kukho fan ngaphandle ecaleni komgca uphawu lo, le TTL indlela ekubumbeni echazwe ngasentla angekho ngaphezulu isantya sebhithi udini ngokukhawuleza speed.Because kukho kubonakala emazeni emgceni, baya bakholisa ukuba kuhlanganiswa ngezinga eliphezulu, ngaloo ndlela ezibangela ubugqwetha kakhulu umqondiso kunye nokunciphisa anti-uphazamiseko ability.Therefore, ukuze zokusombulula ingxaki reflection, enye indlela ngokuqhelekileyo esetyenziswa kwindlela ECL: line ukuvimba ezifana method.In ngale ndlela vangama ilawulwa kwaye isidima signal liqinisekile.