1. sifooyinka Babaca iyo dayactirka capacitance guddiga circuit gacanta warshadaha
failure burburka capacitance waa ugu sareeya ee qalabka elektarooniga ah, gaar ahaan in ay dhacdo capacitance electrolytic.
failure capacitance ayaa lagu muujiyay sida soo socota: 1. awood yar yahay; 2. khasaaraha guud ee awoodda, 3. Baxsiga, 4. circuit gaaban.
Capacitors door kala duwan ee Bannaanka, iyo fashilaad ayaa waxaa sidoo kale characterized.In gacanta warshadaha daabacay guddiga circuit, Guddiga circuit digital waa intooda badan, capacitor waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu sameeyo filter awoodda, xigay signal iyo capacitance ee circuit oscillator waa less.If capacitor ku electrolytic loo isticmaalo in sahayda ay xoog u bedesheen uu waxyeeloobo, korontada Beddelashada laga yaabaa aan la birqaya, oo ma jiro wax output.Or danab shaandhaynta danab saarka ma wanaagsana, circuit ah ay sabab u tahay danab xasilooni iyo wareer macquul ah, waxqabadka mishiinka saacadaha shaqada ama ma furi karaan mishiinka, haddii capacitor iyo Bannaankii digital korontada guddiga dhexeeya togan iyo kuwa taban, waxqabadka above.This yahay gaar ahaan xoog u dhow motherboard computer ka, isticmaalka badan computer u muuqataa mararka qaarkood ma furi karaan mishiinka sanado badan, arrin ku mararka qaarkood sano, furo kiiska, inta badan waxay leeyihiin electrolytic ifafaale garaaca capacitor loo arki karaa, haddii capacitor hoos si loo cabbiro awoodda si aad u ogaato wax badan oo ka hooseeya qiimaha dhabta ah.
Nolosha capacitor waa si toos ah ee la xiriira in heerkulka daarmayaay'e. The sare heerkulka deegaanka, ka gaaban life.This capacitor u taliyaan ma aha oo kaliya khusaysaa capacitors electrolytic laakiin sidoo kale capacitors.Therefore, in search for capacitance fashilka, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah si loo hubiyo capacitance taas oo xad u dhow kulaylka il, sida capacitance ah by dhinaca hiitarka iyo awood sare qaybaha soo ururay. The u dhaw in ay, ay u badan tahay waa in la damaged.Have la cusboonaysiiyey cillad korontada ah X-ray-dhaanta, dadka isticmaala ka tarjumaya qiiq ka yimid korontada ka soo baxay, kiiska la furo ka dib imaanshaha 1000 ee Ismaamulka / 350 v capacitor weyn ayaa alaabtii saliid baxay, jeexi furan u soo degin inuu awoodda ka mid ah wax yar uun tobanaan ee Ismaamulka Soomalida, ayaa sidoo kale lagu ogaaday in kaliya capacitance ee buundada rectifier iyo kulaylka dego dhow, kale meel fog cawarnayn, awoodda waa Intaa waxaa dheer normal.In, waxaa jira wareeg gaaban ee capacitance ee chip Shiinaha, iyo waxa ay sidoo kale ka heli in capacitor ku dhow parts.Therefore kulaylku waa, waa in la diiradda markii raadinaya dayactirka.
Baxsiga capacitive Qaar ka mid ah waa mid aad u halis ah, oo fartii la taabto xitaa kulul, noocan oo kale ah waa in capacitor bedeli kartaa.
In the case of jaba wanaagsan iyo kuwa xun, eed ugu badan waa failure ee capacitance damage.So at failure sida, capacitance noqon kartaa muhiimka ah si loo hubiyo, ka dib markii isbedelka of capacitance badanaa waa la yaab leh (dabcan sidoo kale waa lacag bixisid si aad tayada dareenka of capacitance ah, doorato noocyada wanaagsan, sida guduud, diamond madow iyo la mid ah).
2. Calaamadaha iyo takoorka burburka iska caabin
Resistors waa qaybta ugu badan ee qalabka korontada, laakiin dhaawac components.Resistance ugu waxyeello ma aha jidkii ugu badan in la furo wadada, iyo iska caabin ah waa dhif iyo iska caabin ah waa mid aad u rare.Common iska caabin ah carbon film, iska caabin ah film biraha, silig iska caabin ah nabarka oo ugu ballaaran ka hor inta laba nooc oo iska caabin resistance.The caymiska, sifo ee ay waxyeello waa iska caabin yar (ka hooseeya 100 Ω) iyo qiimaha sare (ka badan 100 Ω k) heerka dhaawac ka sareeyo, iska caabin dhexe (sida dhawr boqol oo in tobanaan kun oo Yurub) dhaawac yar, kii labaadna waxa ay tahay in iska caabin ah ee iska caabin yar yahay waxaa inta badan gubato iyo madow, iyo waa ay fududahay in la helo in ay jiraan calaamado yar markii iska caabin ah ee iska caabin sare waa boogta damaged.Wire caabin waxaa guud ahaan loo isticmaalo sida socodka badan oo hadda xadka, iyo iska caabin ah ma aha large.Some of silig ku cylindrical la madowyahay karo ama beera-engeeg dusha, dildilaac ama ma iska caabin marks.Cement waa nooc ka mid ah wou silig nd iska caabin ah, oo ay jebiyaan laga yaabaa in marka la gubo, haddii kale waxaa la arki karo ma trace.When iska caabin caymiska ayaa gubta, meelaha qaar ka mid ah kor u soo afuufi doonaa goosin ka mid ah maqaarka, qaar ka mid ah taas oo uu leeyahay raad lahayn, laakiin marnaba doono in kor ku xusan blackened.According sifooyinka, marka aad hubinayso iska caabin ah, waxaa lagu on diiradda kara, si deg deg ah loo aqoonsado iska caabin ah ay waxyeello.
Sida laga soo xigtay sifooyinka kor ku xusan, in aan marka hore eegi kartaa qiimaha iska caabin yar yahay wax calaamado ah oo madowyahay on loox wareeg daabacan , iyo markaas sidii dhaawaca in tirada ugu badan ee qiimaha furan ama ka weyn oo u fudud in ay dhaawici sifooyinka qiimaha caabiga sare, waxaan isticmaali kartaa mugga multimeter toos resistances aad u sarreeya in looxyada circuit PCB labada dhinac ee iska caabin ah ee iska caabin ah, haddii caddadka iska caabin ah waa ka weyn yahay qiimaha magacaaban, waa iska caabin ah waa in ay waxyeello (fiiro gaar ah in, sida iska caabin ah oo deggan tusay ka dib oo kaliya in ay gunaanad, maxaa yeelay waxaa laga yaabaa in laga boodo capacitance in qaybaha circuit, waa lacag ah iyo habka dheecaanka), haddii caddadka iska caabin ah waa yar yahay qiimaha magacaaban, guud ahaan ma aha inay iska dhega tirin. Taasi waa sida aad ku qiyaastaan ayaa resistor kasta on PCB guddiga circuit ku daabacan, xitaa haddii ay "qalad" kun ah, waxaa ka mid dayn maayo.
Habka qiimaynta 3.Beerta of kordhiyo ka howl-
kordhiyo Hawlgalada ee discriminant waayo arrin dayactirka electronic dhawr dhibaato gaar ah, ma aha oo kaliya heerka uu xiriirka dhaqanka, rajaynaynaa in ay kaa caawin doona inaad si uu ugala hadlo idinla.
The kordhiyo hawl fiican leedahay sifooyinka of "gaaban dalwaddii" iyo "fasax dalwaddii". Labadan sifooyinka waa mid aad u faa'iido badan ee la falanqeeyo circuit gaadiidka amarka application.In toosan si loo hubiyo in codsiga toosan, gaadiidka waa in ka yar loop u xiran yihiin (feedback negative) shaqayn .Haddii ma jiraan wax jawaab-celin xun, Faahfaahin ka loop furan yahay comparator.If ah qalabka waa in la xukumo, waxa ay noqon waa cad in qalabka waxaa loo isticmaalaa sida kordhiyo ama sida comparator ah Bannaanka.
No arrinta nooca kordhiyo, waxaa jira resistor-celin ah RF, ka dibna marka aan hagaajinno eegi kartaa iska caabin ah jawaab-celin on wadada ka korontada, iyadoo la isticmaalayo multimeter ah si loo hubiyo wax soo saarka iyo beddeli talooyin ah, iska caabin ah oo u dhexeeya haddii waaweyn, sida more ka badan dhowr M Ω, ka dibna aan u hubino qalabka waxaa laga yaabaa samayn dheeraad ah, haddii qiimaha 0 Ω in daraasiin Ω k yar yar, waa in ay hubiso in iska caabin ah u dhexeeya wax soo saarka iyo dib u celin la gelin, kordhiyo oo isticmaalaya erayada samayn doonaa.
Sida laga soo xigtay mabda'a kordhiyo dalwaddii gaaban, waa in la yidhaahdo, haddii kordhiyo ka hawl si fiican u shaqeeya, talooyin la mid ah oo beddeli danab ee aqbasho noqon doonaa siman, inkasta oo ay jiraan sidoo kale ku kala duwan heerka MV, dabcan, in qaar ka mid ah aqbasho sare multimeters circuit impedance iska caabin ah ay noqon doontaa wax yar saamayn on imtixaanka danab, laakiin guud ahaan aan ka badnayn 0.2 V, haddii farqiga u ah in ka badan 0.5 V, kordhiyo ayaa shaki ku jirin xun!
Haddii qalabka waxaa loo isticmaalaa sida comparer ah, waxay u saamaxdaa isku mid in ay ka soo terminal talooyin iyo terminal ka aqbasho dambe kala duwan. Danab ee danab la mid ah waa soo horjeeda in ay>, iyo danab saarka uu ku dhow yahay in qiimaha ugu badan ee isku danab positive.The waa danab dambe, oo danab wax soo saarka ee ku dhow yahay inuu 0V ama ugu badnaan negative (ku xiran tahay xoogga dual ama awoodda kaliya) .Hadii danab ogaanshaha muu buuxin qaanuunkan, markaas qalabka dhaawacmi doonaa! Sidaas uma baahnid inaad si ay u isticmaalaan habka la bedelay ee, uma baahnid inaad si dumin chip oo ku saabsan daabacay guddiga circuitxaakinka waxqabadka kordhiyo ah.
4. trick yar si ay u tijaabiso qaybaha SMT in multimeter a
element balastar Qaar ka mid ah waa mid aad u yar, iyadoo la isticmaalayo qalimaan multimeter caadiga ah iyo dayactirka imtixaanka aan aad u sahlan, waxay u badan tahay in ay keeni circuit gaaban, labaad waa in dahaarka leh daahan dahaaridda ah carqalad guddiga pin u soo galeen xiriir la qayb ka mid ah qaybaha biraha. halkan waa hab fudud in lagugu siiyo warbixin badan oo ku dhaw raaxadeeda.
Qaado laba ka mid ah tirada ugu yar ee cirbadaha, technology dayactirka warshadaha (qoto dheer) oo la multimeter on dhagan, ka dibna qaadan silig a copper more wanaagsan in cable ka, iyadoo qalimaan silig naxaas dhalaalaysa iyo cirbadaha iyo wada xidhan, hananto weld.With Alxan sida qalimaan tip yar oo ah inay ku qiyaasto SMT ka adeegi qaybood marka aysan jirin guddiga circuit gaaban, oo sugi kartaa daahan dahaaridda sarid, qaadashada jagada muhiimka ah, ma aha inay dhibaato in ay ka xoqi xuub xuub.
5. Habka Repair guddiga circuit awoodda dadweynaha gaaban
Waxaa lagu daabacay dayactirka guddiga circuit, haddii aad la kulmi qalad-circuit gaaban korontada dadweynaha inta badan waa ugu horeysay ee weyn, sababtoo ah qalabka badan ayaa wadaaga sahayda ay xoog u la mid ah, qalab kasta ee sahayda Beddelashada xoogga, waxaa jira shaki ah circuit gaaban, haddii saxan element ma aha inta badan, ay qaataan jidka "dhulka yaanbo" doonaa dhibic-circuit gaaban waxaa laga heli karaa, haddii qaybaha aad u tiro badan smt, "yaanbo dhulka" yaabaa hoe xaaladda ku xirnaan doontaa luck.In talo this badan oo wax ku ool ah habka, isticmaali this habka, laba jeer shaqada, inta badan si deg deg ah ka heli kartaa barta ah failure.
Si aad u leeyihiin danab a hadda dhan korontada hagaajin, danab 0-30v, 0-3a hadda, korontada tani ma aha mid qaali ah, 300RMB ama danab circuit so.Will u furan yahay heerka danab ee qalabka korontada, marka hore hadda ugu yaraan, ku dar danab soo wareegi jiray ee danab korontada 5 v dhibcood sida 74 chips taxane, iyo 0 v kooxda, taas oo ku xidhan heerka uu circuit gaaban, kordhay haatan si tartiib tartiib ah, oo leh qalab gacanta taabto, marka la taabto si kulaylinta a qalab gaar ah qaybaha smd cad, tani waxaa inta badan waxyeello, waxaa laga saari karaa in ay sii xaqiijin Dabcan measurement.Of ah, danab waa in aan ka badnayn danab ka shaqeeya ee qalabka, iyo in aan la xidhi karaa miiska, haddii kale waxay ku gubi doonaa qalab kale oo wanaagsan.
6.a tirtire yar, xallinta dhibaatada weyn
More iyo ka badan oo loo isticmaalo in warshadaha gacanta ku daabacan circuit loox PCB , siyaabo badan oo ka mid ah guddiga la farta dahab la gelinayaa Afyare. Sababta oo ah jawi xun warshadaha, ciidda, qoyaan, deegaanka gaaska xoqe saarta xiriir saboolka ah failure waa u fududahay in la sameeyo kaadhka, wax badan oo ka mid ah saaxiibada waxaa laga yaabaa in habka ay u xaliyaan dhibaatada la beddelo kaadh interface ah, laakiin kharashka gadashada kaarka waa mid aad u badan, gaar ahaan qaar ka mid ah qalabka laga keeno xaqiiqada card.In ah, waxaad sidoo kale u isticmaali laga yaabaa tirtire ah si ay u tirtiri dhawr jeer on farta dahab ah, nadiifinta uus on farta dahab ah, ka dibna isku day mar kale, waxaa laga yaabaa in xalliyaan dhibaatada! waa hab fudud oo wax ku ool ah.
Falanqaynta 7.The Dambigooda korontada xun in goor wanaagsan
Dhammaan noocyada kala duwan ee jeer wanaagsan iyo kuwa xun ka dhaca koronto ka mid noqon kara xaaladahan soo socda:
1. xiriir Poor
xiriir xun la Afyare, jabka gudaha ee cable, xiriirka xun ee ka siib silig iyo terminal, iyo alxanka dalwaddii qaybaha, iwm
2. signal ayaa lagu soo dhibtay
Waayo wareeggeedii digital, in ay dhacdo shuruudo gaar ah, gardarrada waxaa la joogo, dhab ahaantii laga yaabaa in ay tahay faragelin waxyeela habdhiska xadiditaan badan u sameeyo qalad, sidoo kale waxay leeyihiin a-beegyada uu ka kooban guddiga circuit ama shaqsi guud ahaan xuduudaheedu qaab bedelay, ka awood anti-faragalin xagga dhibic tankeeda ah, sidaas failure ah;
3. xasiloonida The kaamerada mid ah qaybaha ma wanaagsana
From tiro badan oo ah ku dhaqanka dayactirka, xasiloonida kaamerada of capacitor ugu horeysay electrolytic ma wanaagsana, raaceen by capacitors kale, triode, dioska-, IC, iska caabin ah, iwm
4. Waxaa jira qoyaan iyo ciidda on board Bannaanka
Qoyaanka iyo boodh samayn doona koronto, iyadoo saamayn iska caabin ah, laakiin sidoo kale in geeddi-socodka lagu bilges kulaylka ihin qabow iska caabin ah ayaa sidoo kale beddeli doonaa, saamaynta iska caabin ay weheliyaan xubno kale oo ku jira isku midka ah, saamaynta waa ka itaal marka bedeli kartaa oo xuduudaheedu Bannaanka, ka dhigi failure;
5.Software Sidoo kale waa arrin
xuduudaheedu badan oo loo isticmaalo in wareegga si ay ula qabsadaan software ah, kaalmada argument qaar ka mid ah oo ku saabsan aad u hooseeyo, in kala duwan ee muhiimka ah, marka hawlgalka mashiinka hoggaansamaan sabab qalad software, ka dibna alarm muuqan doonaa.
8. Sidee si aad u hesho macluumaad ka kooban?
Korantada Modern waa multifarious, kala duwan oo ku sii balaadhan oo ka kooban, kumanaan, in dayactirka PCB circuit, gaar ahaan warshadaha meelaha dayactirka guddiga circuit ku daabacan, qaar badan oo ka mid ah qaybaha aan la arkin, ama xitaa marna maqlay, xitaa haddii qaar ka mid ah qaybaha kale ee macluumaadka waa dhamaystiran, guddiga gacanta laakiin akhriyi doonaa xogta ee falanqaynta computer ka, haddii aan hab search degdeg ah, hufnaan dayactirka waxaa laga sugayaa inay iska iibiso qiima dhimis aad buu u, beerta electronic warshadaha dayactir, hufnaan waa lacag, si dooran a PCB wanaagsan ama qeybiyaha Golaha PCB waa mid aad u muhiim ah, jeclaan lahaa in aan ku talinaynaa King-PCB.com kuu.