Everyone knows doing the principle diagram of the PCB is designed into a real piece of PCB, please don’t look down upon this process, there are a lot of things on the principle of practicable in engineering has difficult to achieve, or something that someone can achieve them,but others can not, so it is not difficult to make a PCB, but make a good PCB zinachitika is not an easy thing.
Mavuto awiri aakulu m'munda wa microelectronics ndi mkulu pafupipafupi chizindikiro ndiponso ofooka processing chizindikiro PCB kupanga mlingo kwambiri makamaka pankhani imeneyi, yemweyo mfundo kamangidwe, zigawo zikuluzikulu yomweyo, anthu osiyanasiyana anapanga PCB adzakhala ndi zotsatira zosiyana, nanga kuti ? wabwino PCB gulu yachokera pa zimene lathu lapitalo, tikufuna kukambirana maganizo athu pa zinthu zotsatirazi:
1. Lembani zolinga zanu
Adalandira kapangidwe ntchito, choyamba tiyenera kuchotsa zolinga kapangidwe ndi Common PCB bolodi , mkulu-pafupipafupi PCB , ang'ono chizindikiro processing PCB kapena pali onse pafupipafupi mkulu ndi zazing'ono chizindikiro processing wa PCB, ngati ndi PCB wamba , bola monga kuchita Kamangidwe wololera komanso aukhondo, makina kukula molondola, Ngati mzere katundu ndi mzere wautali, ZIDZACHITIKIRE mwa njira zina, nkhawa, kulimbitsa anthu a galimoto, ndi ofunikira ndi kuteteza chinyezimiro mzere lonse. pamene pali kuposa mizere 40MHz chizindikiro pa bolodi, tiganizira apadera anapanga mizere mbendera, monga crosstalk.If pafupipafupi ndi apamwamba, ndi zoletsa zambiri kutalika kwa Kulumikizana, monga mwa magawo kufalitsa chiphunzitso network ndi zimachitika pakati pa dera liwilo komanso ndife ake ndi chinthu yokhala dongosolo sitingakane mu design.With kusintha kwa chitseko liwiro HIV, pa mzere ndi zingawonjezere, ndi crosstalk pakati pa mizere pafupi chizindikiro chidzakhala molingana ndi kuwonjezeka, kawirikawiri mkulu-liwiro mowa mphamvu ndi kutentha madyaidya ndikuledzera wa dera ndi waukulu kwambiri, kuyenera tcheru mokwanira pochita High Tg PCB.
Bungwelo ndi mlingo millivolt ngakhale microvolt mlingo pamene mbendera ofooka, mbendera adzafunika kusamalidwa, ang'ono mbendera ndi ofooka kwambiri, osatetezeka kwambiri ena amphamvu kusokonezedwa chizindikiro kutetezedwa miyeso zambiri zofunika, mwinamwake adzakhala kwambiri kuchepetsa mbendera ndi phokoso chizindikiro ratio.So kuti zothandiza ali anaposa ndi phokoso ndipo sangathe bwino yotengedwa.
Pa bolodi muyeso komanso ayenera kumwedwa kuganizira pa gawo kamangidwe, malo thupi mfundo mayeso, mayeso mfundo ziti kudzipatula sitingakane, chifukwa ena mwa mbendera ang'ono ndi mkulu pafupipafupi chizindikiro si mwachindunji kuwonjezera kafukufuku kuyeza.
Komanso, pali zinthu zina, monga wosanjikiza wa matabwa, phukusi mawonekedwe a zigawo zikuluzikulu ndi makina mphamvu ya boards.Before kupanga matabwa PCB, iwe uyenera kukhala ndi kapangidwe cholinga.
2. Kumvetsa zofunika za ntchito ya zigawo zikuluzikulu ntchito mu mawonekedwe a
Monga tikudziwa, pali zigawo wapadera mu mawonekedwe akhala amafuna wapadera, monga LOTI ndi APH ntchito analogi chizindikiro mkuzamawu, analogi chizindikiro mkuzamawu kwa lamulo mphamvu yosalala, ang'ono ripple.The kayeseleledwe mbali yaing'ono chizindikiro asungike kuchoka mphamvu devices.On bolodi OTI, ang'ono chizindikiro amveke gawo komanso mwapadera ndi kutetezedwa chigoba kwa sateteza yosokera mu atomu interference.GLINK tchipisi ntchito bolodi NTOI ndi ECL ndondomeko, mowa mphamvu zazikulu malungo, vuto la kutentha madyaidya ndikuledzera ayenera kuchitira pamene kamangidwe ayenera kukhala kuganizira mwapadera, ngati kuzirala zachilengedwe, kuvala GLINK Chip mu otaya mpweya yosalala, ndipo, chifukwa cha kutentha si amadza lalikulu ena chips.If pali nyanga kapena ena a mphamvu chipangizo pa bolodi, kwakenso chifukwa kuipitsidwa kwambiri mphamvu izo ayenera kulabadira zokwanira.
3. Kuphunzira Kamangidwe chigawo chimodzi
Kamangidwe ka zigawo zikuluzikulu woyamba Chinthu chimodzi kuganizira momwe ntchitoyo, yogwirizana kwambiri kugwirizana zigawo zikuluzikulu pamodzi kutali zedi, makamaka kwa ena mzere liwilo, kamangidwe ndi kuupanga kukhala lalifupi ngati n'kotheka kupatukana mphamvu mbendera ndi zazing'ono chizindikiro device.In a chiyembekezo chokumanako ntchito ya dera, izo ndi kofunika kulingalira makonzedwe a zigawo zikuluzikulu mu dongosolo, wokongola, yabwino kuyesa, mawotchi kukula kwa gulu, udindo wa zitsulo ndi, etc.
Kufala kuchedwa nthawi ya grounding ndi interconnection mu dongosolo mkulu-liwiro ndi chinthu choyamba kuganizira angagwiritse ndi system.Signal pa nthawi kufala anali ndi chikoka chachikulu pa akukhudzidwira dongosolo liwiro, makamaka kwa mkulu-liwiro ECL madera, ngakhale liwilo Integrated dera chipika yokha, koma chifukwa cha pansi ndi interconnect wamba (aliyense masentimita 30 yaitali, za kuchedwa kwa NS 2) kubweretsa kuchuluka kwa nthawi yomweyo, akhoza kupanga dongosolo liwiro yafupika kwambiri. Ngati anasintha m'kaundula, synchronous kauntala kalunzanitsidwe ichi ntchito mbali pa chidutswa chomwecho cha khadi chopambana chifukwa cha osiyana kufala kuchedwa nthawi ya wotchi chizindikiro pa bolodi si wolingana, zingathandize kuti kosangalatsa m'kaundula zolakwa zokolola, ngati osati pa mbale, kumene kalunzanitsidwe ndi kiyi kwa wotchi anthu gwero olumikizidwa kwa mzere wotchi ayenera kukhala wolingana ndi kutalika kwa gulu.
4. Kuphunzira Kulumikizana
Ndi kamangidwe ka OTNI ndi nyenyezi maukonde kuwala CHIKWANGWANI, kuposa 100MHz za mzere liwilo chizindikiro adzafunika cholinga m'tsogolo. Ena mfundo zikuluzikulu za mzere liwilo adzakhala kuno.
kufala mzere
Aliyense "yaitali" kusonyeza njira pa kusindikizidwa dera boloditinganene kuti HIV ndi line.If kufala kuchedwa kwa mzere ndi lalifupi kwambiri kuposa mbendera nyamuka nthawi, chinyezimiro cha mwini pa kuwuka mbendera adzakhala submerged.No yaitali kuoneka overshoot, angadzachite ndi kulira, chifukwa pa nthawiyo, ambiri mwa mos dera, chifukwa cha kuwuka nthawi ya mzere kufala kuchedwa nthawi wamkulu, choncho angathe kukhala mamita yaitali ndipo palibe distortion.And mbendera madera mofulumira mfundo, makamaka kopitilira muyeso-mkulu liwiro ECL.
Pankhani ya madera Integrated, kutalika kwa kuda ayenera kwambiri adzafupikitsidwa kuti asunge umphumphu wa chizindikiro chifukwa imathamanga mofulumira m'mphepete.
Pali njira ziwiri kuti mkulu-liwiro dera mu zimakhalanso yaitali mzere ntchito popanda kukhota aakulu, ntchito kuchepa mofulumira m'mphepete TTL schottky diode clamping njira, kupanga mopupuluma kukhala choletsa ku diode ndi n'chozama kupitirira pansi angathe dontho kuthamanga pa mlingo wa kuchepetsa angadzachite kumbuyo kwa matalikidwe, ndi pang'onopang'ono m'mphepete kotulukira overshoot amaloledwa, koma ndi msinkhu "H" mu mkhalidwe ndi mkulu linanena bungwe impedance a dera la (50 ~ 80 Ω) attenuation .In komanso, chifukwa mlingo wa "H" boma chitetezo chokwanira, akuluakulu angadzachite vuto si zopambana kwambiri, chipangizo cha HCT zino, ngati ntchito schottky diode clamping ndi mndandanda kukana mbali kugwirizana njira, zotsatira bwino adzakhala kunandithandiza.
Pamene pali fani nafe mzere chizindikiro cha TTL ulili njira tafotokozazi akusowa mlingo wapamwamba pang'ono ndipo mofulumira m'mphepete speed.Because kumeneko zikugwirizananso mafunde mu mzere, iwo adzatengera kuti apanga pa mlingo mkulu, motero kuchititsa kupotoza kwambiri chizindikiro ndi kucheperachepera odana ndi kuwasokoneza ability.Therefore, kuti athetse vuto chinyezimiro, njira ina kawirikawiri ntchito mu dongosolo ECL: mzere impedance zofanana method.In motere chinyezimiro umalamulidwa ndi umphumphu wa chizindikiro kungakupatseni.