Everyone knows doing the principle diagram of the PCB is designed into a real piece of PCB, please don’t look down upon this process, there are a lot of things on the principle of practicable in engineering has difficult to achieve, or something that someone can achieve them,but others can not, so it is not difficult to make a PCB, but make a good PCB Prototype is not an easy thing.
Elua nui hihia i loko o ke kula o microelectronics o ke kiʻekiʻe alapine neaiaea a me ka nawaliwali neaiae aaioee, PCB? Iecaianoaaiiie pae mea pakahi aku la ia nui i loko o kēia mau mea,ʻo ia loina hooponopono manao, i ka ia eiiiiiaiou, kekahi mau kanaka i PCB e i okoa hualoaʻa, no laila, pehea e e ? he maikai PCB papa ma muli o mākou mua ka ho'āʻoʻana, ua makemake makemake e kūkākūkā ko makou manao ma na kēia, ao ke ano:
1. hoakaka i kou mau pahu hopu
Loaa he manao hana, pono loa oia i mua i ka manao pahu hopu, o ka Common PCB papa , kiʻekiʻe-alapine (frequency) PCB , uuku hoailona aaioee PCB a ma laila nō nā kiʻekiʻe alapine (frequency) a me ka uuku peahi aaioee o ka PCB, ina ia mea he pono PCB , e like me ka lōʻihi like hana kuponoʻia a me tidy, ma paʻi nui pololei, Inā ka haawe laina a me ka lōʻihi laina, e e lawelawe ma ka kekahi mea, hoomalamalama ai i ka haawe ana, e hooikaika i ka laina lōʻihi o ka holo, ke ki mea e pale aku i ka lōʻihi laina o kona mau manaʻo. a hiki aku ka mea, ua oi ma mua o 40MHz neaiaea laina ma luna o ka papa, kūikawā ma ka noʻonoʻoʻole i hana ai no kēia mau hōʻailona laina, e like me crosstalk.If alapine (frequency) i kiekie ae, i nui kapu ma luna o ka lōʻihi o ka pilina, e like me ka puʻunaue kiko'î o ka mea ulana pukapuka, kumumanaʻo, ka AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN kiʻekiʻe ka māmā holo a puni a me kona IeIIeYOA o ke kuleana ololi, i ka'ōnaehana hiki ole ke AOON ma design.With ka holomua o ka puka EYI holo, ma ka laina e ku e, e hoomahuahua, ka crosstalk ma waena o pili neaiae laina e e hapaʻauhau i ka mea i loaʻa i loko, IeAUPIIe, IAa IO kiʻekiʻe-māmā mana hokii, a me ka wela dissipation o ka huakai kaapuni ka loa nui, e i lawa ka noonoo ana i ka wa hana High Tg PCB.
I ka papa i millivolt 'ilikai a hiki microvolt pae ka wā o ka nāwaliwali neaiae, i ka hoailona e pono ai kūikawā, uuku neaiae mea nui nawaliwali, loa kūlana i nā ikaika neaiae' ākeʻakeʻa, paleia ana Ua pinepine pono, i ole ia e loa emi i ka neaiae-i-halulu i make mai ma ka walaʻau ratio.So mea pono keia mau mea ailona mai, a hiki ole ke kuleʻa extracted.
Ma ka papa E e lawe i ke ana i loko o noonoo i ka manao pae, ka physical wahi o ka ho'āʻo kumu, ho'āʻo wahi o ka hoʻokaʻawale kumumea hiki ole ke AOON, no ka mea, kekahi o ka mea liilii, neaiaea, a kiʻekiʻe alapine (frequency) neaiae ua i pololei huiʻimi e ana.
Eia hou kekahi, he mea'ē aʻe nā aʻe, e like me ka, ahu iho o ka papa, i ka AEeAaOA kinona o ka eiiiiiaiou, a me ka ÿole mechanical ikaika o ka boards.Before ana PCB papa, oe e i ka manao pahuhopu ma ka naau.
2. E ike i ka pono o ka hana ana o na eiiiiiaiou hoʻohana 'ia i loko o keʻia
E like me ka makou i ike, eia kekahi kūikawā eiiiiiaiou ma keʻia ua kūikawā koi, e like me LOTI a me APH hoʻohana Analog neaiae pahu hoʻonui leo, Analog hoailona pahu hoʻonui leo no ka mana koi no i laumania, uuku ripple.The hōʻulu o ka poe liilii, neaiaea wahi e e mālama aku, mai ka mana devices.On ka OTI papa, i ka poe uuku a hoailona amplification kuleana ua hoi pela papahana me ka paleia lakou ea paha, e pale i ka heleʻauana electromagnetic a interference.GLINK inoaia i hoʻohana ma o ka NTOI papa o ka ECL kaʻina, mana hokii, nui ke kuni, a hiki i ka pilikia o ka wela dissipation pono e mālama 'ia ai ka kūpono pono e kuikawa noonoo, ina ke anuanu maila' maoli, e kau i ka GLINK? inoaia ma ka lewa pele mea malimali, a mai o ka wela mea,ʻaʻole he nui hopena i nā chips.If he mea kekahi pepeiaohao 'ole' ē aʻe kiʻekiʻe mana manaʻo ma luna o ka moku, e hiki no hoi i haumia ea nui o ka mana ia e kekahi uku lawa noonoo.
3. noonoo o ke keʻenaʻia
Keʻia o nā eiiiiiaiou mua kekahi ololi e noonoo o ka hana ana, pili loa aku i ka pilina o nā eiiiiiaiou pu i hiki i hiki, o ka oi aku no kekahi kiʻekiʻe wikiwiki laina, keʻia mea e hana ia me pōkole i hiki e kaawale mana neaiaea a me ka uuku peʻahi device.In i ka pā kula o ke anaina kanaka, i ka hana ana o ka huakai kaapuni, he mea hoi e pono e noonoo i ka hoʻoponoponoʻana o Kamehameha o na eiiiiiaiou ma ka mea, maikai, kupono e hoao, ke ÿole mechanical ka nui o ka papa, i ke kulana o ke kumu, etc.
Ua hoi ka EYI kali hou aku; manawa o ka ili a me ka interconnection i loko o ka kiʻekiʻe-māmā'ōnaehana ka mua ololi e e noonoo ia ke hoʻololi i ka system.Signal ma ka EYI manawa i ka ole nui ma luna o ka'ōnaehana holo nohona ma, o ka oi aku no kiʻekiʻe-wikiwiki ECL wahi i puhi ai, kiʻekiʻe mämä holo noniakahi kaapuni aeie ia iho, akā, me he hopena no ma luna o ka papahele me ka pono interconnect (kela 30 knm loa, e pili ana i ka lohi o ka 2 ns) e lawe mai i ka hua o ka lohi manawa naʻe, hiki e ka'ōnaehana māmā ua nui hoemiia. Like me ka naeaeaa? Aaeno?, Synchronous ee keia hoʻononiakahi hana māhele ma ka hookahi apana o ke kāleka, maikaʻi no ka mea, o ka mea EYI lohi manawaʻokoʻa o ka huahelu, neaiaea ma ka papa mea i like, ke alakai i ka naeaeaa? Aaeno? Hua hewa, ināʻaʻole ma luna o kekahi pā, kahi hoʻononiakahi o ke ki, mai ka lehulehu uaki kumu i pili i ka huahelu, laina pono e like me ka loa o ka papa.
4. noonoo o ka pilina
Me ka manao o OTNI a me ka hoku'ōnohi puluniu aʻeo ka hoʻolele ', oi ma mua o 100MHz o ke kiʻekiʻe māmā neaiaea laina e pono e e papahana i loko o ka wā e hiki mai. Kekahi walaʻauʻana manaÿo o kiʻekiʻe ka māmā holo laina e e hoʻolaunaʻaneʻi.
EYI laina
Kekahi "loa" ka hōʻikeʻana alahele ma ka pai huakai kaapuni a ka papahiki ke noʻonoʻo i kekahi EYI line.If ka EYI kali hou aku; o ka laina mea nui pōkole ma mua o ka hōʻailona ala hou manawa, i ka manaʻo o ka mea nana i ka mea ala neaiaea e ia submerged.No hou hōʻike overshoot, recoil a ringing, no ka mea, ma ka manawa, ka hapanui o ka MOS kaapuni, no ka mea, o ka mea e hoea manawa o ka laina EYI kali hou aku; manawa mea nuiʻOi aʻe, no laila, ka mea hiki ia ia ma mika lōʻihi, aʻaʻohe hōʻailona distortion.And no ka wikiwiki kūpili wahi i puhi ai, o ka oi aku ʻoi loa-kiʻekiʻe holo ECL.
Ma ka hihia o noniakahi wahi i puhi ai, pono e me ka nui loa hoopokole ole ka lōʻihi o nā ko läkou 'ma ka mea e malama i ka pono o ka neaiaea ma muli o ka wikiwiki lihi māmā holo.
Aia nāʻaoʻaoʻelua e e ka mea kiʻekiʻe-mämä holo kaapuni i loko o ka kŘpa a lōʻihi laina hana me ka mea ei, ua hoʻohana 'ia no ka kokololio emi ma ka palena TTL schottky diode ka hopuʻana hana, e impulse e keʻakeʻa i loko o ka diode mea haʻahaʻa ma mua o ka lepo Loaʻaʻia puʻe kulu ma ka nui o ka hoemi i ka recoil ma ka hope o ka ikaika hawewe, ka ke kua'āina o ka lihi puka ana mai o ka overshoot ua aeia, akā, e ka 'ilikai "H" i loko o ka moku'āina o kŘpa a kiʻekiʻe auaiaea impedance o ka huakai kaapuni (50 ~ 80 Ω) attenuation .In hoʻi, ma muli o ia i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka "H" moku'āina e hoʻonele, nui recoil pilikia mea,ʻaʻole loa poʻokela, mea o ka HCT puke, ina hoʻohana schottky diode ka hopuʻana a me ka ia'kuʻaoʻao papahana hoʻohui i ka hana, ke hoonui ae i keia, e e oi ahuwale.
A hiki aku ka mea, he peahi mai ma ka hōʻailona laina, ka TTL shaping hana i ho'ākāka 'ia ma luna ua nele i loko o ka kiekie iki ana, a me ka wikiwiki maka speed.Because malaila e lewa ale i loko o ka laina, ka mea e kamaʻilioʻana i e synthesized i ka mämä kiʻekiʻe, pela ma o na la ei nui o ka neaiaea a me ka hōʻemiʻana Anati-ākeʻakeʻa ability.Therefore, ma ka mea e hoʻoponopono i ka noʻonoʻo pilikia, kekahi papa hana ua ana hoʻohana 'ia i loko o ka ECL'ōnaehana: laina impedance'ālike method.In kēiaʻano o ka noʻonoʻo ua lāʻau, a me ka pono o ka neaiae ua ua hoʻohiki.